Hub is a networking component which acts as a convergence point of a Network allowing the transfer of data packets. In its simplest form a hub works by duplicating the data packets received via one Port and making it available to all ports, therefore allowing data sharing between all devices connected to the hub.
A hub has 1 broadcast domain and 1 collision domain.
Switch
Switch is almost the same as hub but has different attribute. Switch has 1 broadcast domain and many(subject to number of ports) Collision domain. This is a big boost to network environment as it is faster than hub. Switch consist of a few network bridge.
Router
Unlike hub and switch, router is not just a repeater. Router forwards data packets along networks. Router is use to connect at least 2 networks, example LAN or WAN to its ISP'S network. Router usually placed at gateways.
A router has multiple number of broadcast domains(subject to number of ports).
Bridge
Network bridge or commonly known as bridge is the basic of other advance module such as switch and router.
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